At present, a nationwide fight against pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus has begun. As the “first line of defense” for personal hygiene protection, it is very important to wear masks that meet epidemic prevention standards. From N95 and KN95 to medical surgical masks, ordinary people may have some blind spots in the choice of masks. Here we summarize the knowledge points in the standard field to help you understand the common sense of masks. What are the standards for masks?
At present, my country’s main standards for masks include GB 2626-2019 “Respiratory Protection Self-priming Filtered Particle Respirators”, GB 19083-2010 “Technical Requirements for Medical Protective Masks”, YY 0469-2011 “Medical Surgical Masks”, GB/ T 32610-2016 “Technical Specifications for Daily Protective Masks”, etc., cover labor protection, medical protection, civil protection and other fields. GB 2626-2019″Respiratory Protection Self-priming Filtered Anti-Particulate Respirator” was issued by the State Market Supervision Administration and the National Standardization Administration on 2019-12-31. It is a mandatory standard and will be implemented on 2020-07-01. The protection objects stipulated by the standard include all kinds of particulate matter, including dust, smoke, fog and microorganisms. It also stipulates the production and technical specifications of respiratory protective equipment, and the material, structure, appearance, performance, and filtration efficiency of dust masks. (Dust resistance rate), breathing resistance, testing methods, product identification, packaging, etc. have strict requirements.
GB 19083-2010 “Technical Requirements for Medical Protective Masks” was issued by the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration on 2010-09-02 and implemented on 2011-08-01. This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, signs and instructions for use of medical protective masks, as well as packaging, transportation and storage. It is suitable for use in the medical working environment to filter airborne particles and block droplets, blood, body fluids, secretions, etc. Self-priming filtering medical protective mask. 4.10 of the standard is recommended, the rest are mandatory.
YY 0469-2011 “Medical Surgical Masks” was issued by the State Drug and Food Administration on 2011-12-31. It is a standard for the pharmaceutical industry and will be implemented on 2013-06-01. This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, markings and instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage of medical surgical masks. The standard stipulates that the bacterial filtration efficiency of masks should not be less than 95%.
GB/T 32610-2016 “Technical Specifications for Daily Protective Masks” was issued by the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration on 2016-04-25. It is my country’s first national standard for civilian protective masks, on 2016-11 -Implementation on 01. The standard involves mask raw material requirements, structural requirements, label identification requirements, appearance requirements, etc. The main indicators include functional indicators, particle filtration efficiency, expiratory and inspiratory resistance indicators, and adhesion indicators. The standard requires that masks should be able to safely and firmly protect the mouth and nose, and there should be no sharp corners and edges that can be touched. It has detailed regulations on factors that may cause harm to human bodies, such as formaldehyde, dyes, and microorganisms, to ensure that the public can wear them. Safety when wearing protective masks.
What are the common masks?
Now the most frequently mentioned masks include KN95, N95, medical surgical masks and so on.
The first is KN95 masks. According to the classification of the national standard GB2626-2019 “Respiratory Protection Self-priming Filtered Particle Respirator”, masks are divided into KN and KP according to the efficiency level of the filter element. KP type is suitable for filtering oily particles, and KN type is suitable for filtering non-oily particles. Among them, when the KN95 mask is detected with sodium chloride particles, its filtration efficiency should be greater than or equal to 95%, that is, the filtration efficiency of non-oily particles above 0.075 microns (median diameter) is greater than or equal to 95%.
The 95 mask is one of the nine particulate protective masks certified by NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health). “N” means not resistant to oil. “95” means that when exposed to a specified number of special test particles, the particle concentration inside the mask is more than 95% lower than the particle concentration outside the mask.
Then there are medical surgical masks. According to the definition of YY 0469-2019 “Medical Surgical Masks”, medical surgical masks are “worn by clinical medical staff in an invasive operating environment to provide protection for patients undergoing treatment and medical staff performing invasive operations, preventing blood, Medical surgical masks spread by body fluids and splashes are masks worn by medical staff at work.” This type of mask is used in medical environments such as medical clinics, laboratories, and operating rooms, and is divided into a waterproof layer, a filter layer, and a comfort layer from the outside to the inside.
Choose masks scientifically.
Experts said that in addition to providing effective protection, wearing a mask must also consider the comfort of the wearer and not bring negative effects such as biological hazards. Generally speaking, the higher the protective performance of a mask, the greater the impact on comfort performance. When people wear a mask and inhale, the mask has a certain resistance to air flow. When the inhalation resistance is too large, some people will feel dizziness, chest tightness and other discomforts.
Different people have different industries and physiques, so they have different requirements for the sealing, protection, comfort, and adaptability of masks. Some special populations, such as children, the elderly, and people with respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, should carefully choose the type of masks. On the premise of ensuring safety, avoid accidents such as hypoxia and dizziness when wearing them for a long time.
Finally, I remind everyone that no matter what type of mask, you must properly handle it after use, so as not to become a new source of infection. Usually prepare a few more masks and replace them in time to build the first line of defense for health protection. I wish you all good health!
Post time: 1月-01-2021